Reducing knee joint arthrosis is a polyethiological disease. This means that there are many reasons for its development. In some cases, when the most dominant cause can be allocated, gonarthrosis is called secondary. In cases when the cause is clearly unspecified, the diagnosis of the main arthrosis or the idiopath of the knee joint is established.
- alter the osteoarthrosis of the medial part of the femoral-bor joint;
- alter the osteoarthrosis of the side of the femoral-bor joint;
- Reduces femoral-delicious joint arthrosis.
Usually, the destruction of the cartilage occurs in the physiological process of the whole organism, that is, during aging. The destruction of cartilage pathology is considered when it occurs earlier than time or more intense. The average age, where legally, the first signs of cartilage degeneration can be clear is 40 to 50 years. With changing arthrosis, the disease began in the childhood with the first manifestation of 16 -18 years, and in some cases earlier. However, this is not a reason to give up.
The mechanism of development of the disease is a demonic circle where the final link launches early and so on. However, each round of this circle worsens the cartilage and leads to the development of the disease and so on in the chain. In the case of the main gonarthrosis, the reason that launches the demonic circle is unknown. However, the next link is carefully studied with the aim of affecting them and delaying the development of the disease.
Reducing arthrosis develops about the following. Daily cartilage with knees with thousands of surprises that they had to shrink so as not to harm the softer human body structure, such as the internal organs and the brain. Over time, due to shaking data, microscopic cracks are formed in the cloudy layers, which also after a certain period of time is filled with synovial fluid and becomes microdis. Neighboring microdis has a tendency to unite and the formation of larger cysts.
Increasing the size of the cornea cyst gradually begins to squeeze the blood capillaries that feed the cartilage from the bone. It supplies with oxygen and the material needed to maintain important activities, worsening, leading to slower synthesis than type 2 collagen.
Cartilage transport leads to two negative consequences. First, it leads to a deterioration in the depreciation and the formation of a more intensive new micrococcalm in the subsidiary layer. Second, due to the compression of the cartilage, its density increases, which affects the second mechanism of its nutrition-through the spread of synovial fluid into the thickness of the cartilage.
However, on the scale of the entire organism, the destruction of the articular cartilage is unknown. In response to compensation in the focus of cartilage, chondroblast activity - young cells that synthesize new cartilage tissue increased. However, the mechanism of compensation is not perfect, and its imperfections lies in the fact that most cartilage tissue is formed not in the largest destruction of cartilage, but where the cartilage does not suffer.
As a result, cone -shaped cartilage growth is formed along the edge together. These chondroophytes are clinically not shown until the ossification process begins in it. Okreteen, chondroophytes hardened and turned into, called spikes in ordinary people. As a rule, the appearance of the spikes is always accompanied by the occurrence of pain and the development of inflammation in the joints. This is due to the fact that osteophytes during the movement of the joints touch the cartilage and synovial shells, thereby mechanically damaging it.
As a result, each complication of arthrosis deformation leads to the acceleration of the development of pathological changes in the cartilage. However, knowing the mechanism of development of gonartrosis, one can successfully affect some of his links to slow down the current and improve the long predictions.
Secondary gonarthrosis is different from the main reason because the main reason is known, which launches a cruel circle of cartilage. The next course of the disease occurs in the same way as the main gonarthrosis, with the unusual that the disease is constantly worsened by the effects of negative factors related to the underlying disease. For this reason, the journey of the secondary arthrosis of the knee joint, as a rule, is more aggressive.
- injury (acute and chronic);
- congenital varus or deformation of valgus from the lower leg;
- congenital shortening of one lower leg;
- hypermobility syndrome of the knee joint;
- congenital displacement of the knee joint;
- Chondrocalcinosis;
- osteomyelitis;
- rheumatoid arthritis;
- Acromegaly;
- Diabetes mellitus;
- obesity;
- Hypothyroidism;
- Fraud, etc.
Post -traumatic deforming arthrosis is divided into acute and chronic. The form of acute disease develops after a serious injury, more often -
, which occurs or partially extends to the articular part of the bone. The chronic form of the disease develops for longer and is associated, as a rule, with frequent and slight injuries to the joints. Such a situation was created by builders, road workers, movers, etc.
In acute gonarthrosis, the mechanism of the disease is associated with severe inflammation in the joint cavity, namely lymphostasis, increased pressure in the joint cavity, and changes in synovial fluid composition. Excessive acceleration of the growth of new cartilage leads to the articular surface deformation of fractured sites and the growth of osteophytes.
In chronic gonartrosis, severe inflammation processes are not complied with, however, frequent and intensive loads of cartilage tissue lead to rapid compression, microcular formation and deterioration of cartilage supply with nutrients from the bone and from the joint gap.
People with this pathology can be found quite frequently. The point is to change the shape of the foot. With variety deformation, the feet are completed outside in a horizontal plane. In other words, between the patient's legs, the space is more than a healthy person. With the deformation of the valgus, the feet have an X -shaped shape when the knees come into contact with each other. Both pathologies can be programmed genetically and develop throughout life due to lower spinal fractures.
In both cases, the load on one side of the knee joint increases, with varus deformation - on the side, and with valgus deformation - on the medial side. Due to the fact that the weight of the same patient presses in smaller areas, premature prudence of cartilage occurs, accompanied by inflammation, pain and morning stiffness.
Congenital shortening of one foot is a result of anomalies or can develop several years after birth due to birth injury. As in the previous case, uneven weight distribution occurs, and normal feet take a large load. As a result, the cartilage of healthy knee joints experienced structural changes leading to arthrosis.
This pathological condition is not a disease, but it may lead to it. This syndrome means excessive mobility of the ligaments and consistency, where the movement of the joints in the normal axis can increase significantly. Such patients have almost never suspected that they have such characteristics, because they live with them all their lives and believe that others work in the same way.
Signs of knee joint hypersmors are the formation of a stupid angle between the front surface of the thigh and the lower leg by straightening the maximum foot. In other words, the knees are bending like that, and the feet take a passion. In addition, such patients can easily reach the lower arm with their thumb, reach their heads to the feet and, in essence, have congenital flexibility.
Symptoms of arthrosis of the knee joint
In the early stages of development, the pathology is characterized by pain in the knee, moderate is expressed and arises during moving, as it moves along the steps.
Unpleasant symptoms may appear if someone spends a lot of time standing or trying to get up after being sitting for a long time.
At rest, health usually improves.
Severe sharp pain arises spontaneously.
Most patients have previously experienced prolonged discomfort during physical activity and during walking. In this case, increasing pain may be a major sign of gonarthrosis development.
The disease develops gradually, for several months or years, when it has not changed severe form and pain. But during this time, the discomfort in the knee, which occurs from time to time.
Remember, the more you consult your doctor, the easier and more successful the treatment will pass.
Do not postpone a visit to a specialist, waiting for irreversible consequences. Take steps as soon as you see the symptoms of the disease.
Signs of clear arthrosis from the knee joints begin to realize as cartilage shells, decreases in synovial fluid production and damage to the joint bag. In the early stages of increasing pathological changes, as a rule, there were no obvious symptoms, but at the same time a slight stiffness may be present in the morning.
When mentioned and various symptoms appear, arthrosis, as a rule, is already in the final stages of their development. Currently, there is a serious damage to the knee joint structure, so the disease enters the acute phase. Manifestation of characteristics -Acute arthrosis development includes:
- increased pain;
- Changes are running;
- Disadvantages;
- Crunch while moving;
- swelling of soft tissue;
- increased knee due to fluid accumulation in it;
- Limit mobility in the joints.
As the knee arthrosis develops, the symptoms can grow long enough, but when the disease turns to the last stage of the manifestation of joint disorders, the quality of life significantly reduces the quality of life.
- The synovial shell against the background of damage to the articular surface begins to become inflamed, leading to a violation of the mobility of the entire joint.
- Any movement with damaged joints can be very painful.
- In palpation, a significant increase in local body temperature is observed.
- As a rule, effective treatment for knee joint arthrosis with conservative methods is only possible in the early stages of the development of the disease.
- Therefore, when the symptoms of the disease appear, consult your doctor to consult.
In the development of conditions such as knee arthrosis, symptoms and treatment are connected, because in the early stages of the disease, the articular surface can still be fully restored and repaired by local metabolism, then at a later level
Arthrosis of the first degree runs almost without any symptoms. This phase of development is characterized by:
- fatigue in the feet;
- A small reduction of mobility, which is usually observed immediately after sleep.
Symptoms of pain, if and occur, are indicated at a small level. Currently, knee arthrosis is visible in X -Ray in the form of small bruises on cartilage tissue and bone surface.
With knee joint arthrosis of the 2nd degree, symptoms are clearer. Pain arises from minimum load or shortly thereafter. In the affected leg, the pain is caused by almost any movement. After a long break, it usually goes completely. However, the next physical action immediately causes pain.
At about the second stage of the development of the disease, pain sensations are added:
- Crunch in the knee joint during movement;
- Reduced opportunities to achieve feet usually on the knees;
- joint bone change;
- Progressive Synovitis.
Lack of coarse arthrose joints, as a rule, first cannot be heard, but with the disease it becomes very strong and different. When trying to bend the legs in the knees, sharp pain occurs. In some cases, this may be for a 90 degree angle, and then with difficulty and overcome pain. Changes in the form of joints are also clear, which is also aggravated by the accumulation of pathological fluids in it.
Characteristics -Features of the 3rd arthrosis level are severe pain free of volume, intensity of physical activity. Together, it troubles someone even at night, this causes significant difficulties.
Radiography can show global changes in cartilage, joint surface, non -characteristic growth. O -shaped curvature or x -shaped x brings a person to a defect. This is a result of the cartilage tissue that has been worn out and the bone tissue goes into the "moving".
Gonarthrosis is a degenerative-dystrophic properties, in which the destruction of cartilage occurs and defective joints. Symptoms of the disease are severe pain, limb deformation, uneven load distribution of bone muscle system, development of complications and significant decrease in mobility to patient defects.